Thumela i-imeyile
I-Whatsapp 
Intshayelelo
Izihlanganisi zeLanga isenokuba ncinci, kodwa kwiinkqubo ze-PV zanamhlanje zithwala amandla e-DC anombane ophezulu kwiminyaka emininzi yobushushu, ukubanda, ukuvezwa kwe-UV, ukufuma, ityuwa, kunye nongcoliseko lweekhemikhali. Ukuqina kwazo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukhuseleko, imveliso yamandla, kunye neendleko zokugcinwa kwexesha elide, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokusetyenziswa kunye nokufakelwa kwezorhwebo apho uqhagamshelo olunye olubuthathaka lunokuphazamisa umtya wonke. Eli nqaku lihlola uxinzelelo lokusingqongileyo olujongene nezixhumi zelanga, izixhobo kunye namaqhinga okutywina azinceda ukuba zimelane nokwaluphala kunye nokugqwala, kunye neendlela zokungaphumeleli ezibonakala xa ezo zikhuselo zingaphumeleli, zibonelela ngesiseko esisebenzayo sokuvavanya ukuthembeka kwesixhumi kwiimeko zentsimi ezifuna amandla.
Kutheni Kubalulekile Ukuba Ukuqina Kwesixhumi Selanga
Izihlanganisi zelanga zisebenza njengeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokudibanisa kwii-arrays ze-photovoltaic (PV) ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nezorhwebo, ezinikwe umsebenzi wokudlulisa amandla ngokukhuselekileyo kwiminyaka emininzi yokusebenza okuqhubekayo. Njengoko i-voltage yenkqubo yeshishini inyukile ukuya kuthi ga kwi- 1500V DC ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kothumelo, iimfuno ezibekwe kwezi zinto zincinci zikhule kakhulu. Uqhagamshelo olunye oluphazamisekileyo lunokubeka emngciphekweni imveliso yamandla yentambo yonke, nto leyo eyenza ukuqina kwesakhiwo kunye nokusingqongileyo kube yimfuneko enkulu endaweni yokuphucula okukhethwayo.
Imiphumo yeemeko ezinzima ekuthembekeni kwesixhumi
Iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zisebenza kwezinye zezona meko zingathandekiyo kwihlabathi liphela, zibeka iziseko zophuhliso kuxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lokusingqongileyo. izihlanganisi zelanga ezihlala ixesha elide ezingqongileyo izisombululo zibaluleke kakhulu, njengoko izinto kufuneka zinyamezele ukujikeleza kobushushu bemihla ngemihla kubushushu obuphakathi ukusuka kwi -40°C ukuya kwi +85°C. Kwiminyaka engama-25 yokusebenza kweprojekthi eqhelekileyo, olu lwandiso nokuncipha okungaguqukiyo lunokudinisa kakhulu izitywina zoomatshini kunye noqhagamshelwano lwesinyithi.
Ngaphaya kokuguquguquka kobushushu, amanqanaba aphezulu emitha ye-ultraviolet (UV) Ii-polymer housings eziphantsi ziyawohloka kancinci kancinci, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuqhekekeni nasekuqhekekeni okuncinci. Ukufakelwa kwe-PV elunxwemeni, kwezolimo, okanye okudadayo kungenisa ezinye iingozi zeekhemikhali, ngakumbi inkungu yetyuwa kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-ammonia, ezikhawulezisa ukugqwala kwe-galvanic ukuba izinto eziqhubayo ngaphakathi azivalwanga ngokwaneleyo nxamnye nokufuma kunye nokungena kwegesi.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokungaphumeleli kunye neengozi zokusebenza
Xa ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo lungaphumeleli, iingozi zokusebenza ziyanda ngokukhawuleza. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokusilela ibandakanya ukunyuka kancinci kancinci kokumelana nokuchukumisa. Ukuba ukufuma kudlula ii-O-rings ezichaphazelekileyo, i-oxidation iyenzeka kwiiphini zesinyithi zangaphakathi, nto leyo eqhuba ukumelana nokuchukumisa ngaphezulu komda wokhuseleko we-0.5 mΩ. Olu xhathiso luvelisa ubushushu bendawo, nto leyo edala i-loop yempendulo yobushushu etshabalalisayo.
Ekugqibeleni, ukuwohloka okukhulu kubonakala njengokubaleka kobushushu, i-micro-arcing, okanye ukunyibilika ngokupheleleyo kwendlu yepolymer yesixhumi. Idatha yecandelo leshishini ibonisa ukuba izixhumi ze-DC ezineengxaki, eziwohlokileyo, okanye ezingadibani kakuhle zinoxanduva lwemililo engaphezulu kwe-70% yeenkqubo ze-PV ezixeliweyo. Olu lwazi lubonisa amatyala amakhulu okhuseleko kunye nelahleko enkulu yengeniso enxulunyaniswa nokungahoywa kokumelana nokusingqongileyo ngexesha lesigaba sokuthenga.
Yintoni emisela ukuqina kwesixhumi selanga
Ukuqina kwendawo yoqhagamshelo lwe-PV kulawulwa yisayensi yezinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye nobunjineli obuchanekileyo. Abavelisi kufuneka balinganisele ukuhanjiswa kombane kunye nokuqina koomatshini ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zihlala iminyaka emininzi yokuvezwa ngokungapheliyo ngaphandle kokonakalisa imveliso yamandla iyonke okanye iprofayili yokhuseleko lwenkqubo.
Izinto eziphambili zoyilo, izinto ezisetyenziswayo, kunye neziqinisekiso
Ii-housings ze-connector ze-premium zihlala zibunjwa nge-injection-molded kwi-Polyphenylene Ether (PPE) okanye kwi-Polycarbonate (PC). Ezi plastiki zikhethekileyo zibonelela ngokumelana okuphezulu kwe-UV kwaye zifikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu okutsha, ngakumbi umgangatho we-UL94 V-0. Ngaphakathi, ii-conductive pin zenziwe ngee-alloys ze-copper ezicocekileyo kakhulu kwaye zigqunywe nge-dense tin okanye i-silver plating ukuthintela i-oxidation kunye nokuqinisekisa i-conductivity yexesha elide, engaphantsi kokulahleka.
Iziqinisekiso zisebenza njengesiseko esiphambili sokuvavanya ukuqina. Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka zihlangabezane nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe eqinileyo, ikakhulu i-IEC 62852 kunye ne-UL 6703. Ezi protocols zibeka izihlanganisi kwiimvavanyo zokuguga ezikhawulezayo, ezifana nokufudumala okumanzi (ngesiqhelo i-85°C kwi-85% yomswakama ohambelanayo kangangeeyure ezili-1,000) kunye nokuvezwa kwe-UV okunamandla, okuqinisekisa ukuba amandla oomatshini kunye nokumelana nokufakwa kwe-dielectric kuhlala kuhleli phantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu.
Indlela yokuthelekisa iinkcukacha, izixhobo kunye nokutywina
Xa kuvavanywa iinkcukacha zobugcisa, amaqela okuthenga kufuneka ajonge ngaphaya kokuthobela imithetho yesiseko. Izihlanganisi eziphezulu zine-silicone O-rings eziphambili kunye noyilo lwe-nuts olutshixayo ukugcina ukhuseleko lokwenyani lokungena kwe-IP68, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihlala zingangeni manzi nokuba zingaphantsi kwamanzi kubunzulu bemitha e-1 iiyure ezingama-24.
| Uphawu | IsiXhobo esiQhelekileyo | Isixhumi Esihlala Siqinile |
|---|---|---|
| Izinto zeZindlu | I-PA/Nylon esisiseko | Umxube wePPE/PPO oyiPremium |
| Ukhuseleko Lokungena | IP67 (Imvula/Imvula) | IP68 (Ilinganiswe ngokuntywiliselwa kwamanzi) |
| Ukumelana noQhagamshelwano | ||
| Uluhlu lweTempesheni yokuSebenza | -40°C ukuya ku-+70°C | -40°C ukuya ku +90°C |
| Isiqinisekiso seSalt Mist | Ukhetho | IEC 61701 Inqanaba 6 |
Ukuthelekisa ezi milinganiselo kuqinisekisa ukuba abathengi bakhetha izinto ezihambelana ngokufanelekileyo neprofayili ethile yokusingqongileyo yesiza sabo. Ukucacisa ukumelana okuncinci kokuthintana kunye ukhuseleko lokungena oluphezulu ithintela ukutshintshwa kwezinto ngaphambi kwexesha kwaye inciphisa iindleko zamandla ezilinganisiweyo zexesha elide (i-LCOE).
Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuqina koxhumano ngokuziqhelanisa
Kwanezona zinto zinoyilo oluqinileyo ziya kusilela ukuba azisetyenziswanga kakuhle okanye zivela kwimigca yokuvelisa engahambelaniyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwexesha elide kufuna ukujongwa ngokungqongqo ngexesha lokufakwa kwentsimi kunye nendlela ecwangcisiweyo, eqhutywa yidatha yokuqinisekisa umthengisi.
Ukuhlolwa, ukuvavanywa, ukufakwa, kunye nokuhlolwa kokugcinwa
Ukuqina kwentsimi kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiindlela zokufakela ezichanekileyo. Abafaki kufuneka basebenzise izixhobo zokuqhobosha ezilinganiswe ngumvelisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelo lwentambo ukuya kwiphini luhlangabezana nemida efunekayo yokutsala, leyo imigaqo eqhelekileyo iyalela ukuba kufuneka idlule kwi-310N kwintambo ye-PV eqhelekileyo ye-4mm². Ukugoba okungafanelekanga kushiya imingxuma emincinci apho umswakama unokuqokelelwa khona, nto leyo ekhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza ukugqwala kweengcingo zangaphakathi.
Ukongeza, iingcali kufuneka zilandele imigaqo echanekileyo ye-torque ye-cable gland yesixhumi—ngesiqhelo phakathi kwe-2.5 Nm kunye ne-3.0 Nm. Ukuqinisa kakhulu kunokuqhekeza indlu yeplastiki, ngelixa ukuqinisa okungaphelelanga kungaphumeleli ekubambeni ngokuchanekileyo isitywina se-IP68. Ukuhlolwa okubalulekileyo kokugcinwa kukwabandakanya ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukudibana okunqamlezileyo (iiplagi zokudibanisa ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo) akwenzekanga. Ukudibana okunqamlezileyo ngokuzenzekelayo kuphelisa iziqinisekiso zomthetho kwaye kunokunyusa ukumelana nokudibana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-300% ngenxa yokungafani kobukhulu be-microscopic.
Uvavanyo lomthengisi kunye neendlela zokuthenga
Xa befanelekela ababoneleli ukuba bafake izicelo ezinkulu, abathengi kufuneka bahlolisise iziseko zolawulo lomgangatho zomenzi. Ukuvavanya umthengisi kubandakanya ukuphonononga amazinga abo eempazamo zembali, ekufuneka zibe ngaphantsi kwe-50 parts per million (PPM) kwiinxalenye ezibalulekileyo zeDC ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwebhetshi nebhetshi.
Amaqela okuthenga kufuneka ahlole ukuguquguquka kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngempahla, eqaphela ukuba ubungakanani obuncinci beodolo (ii-MOQ) buhlala buqala kwiiyunithi ezili-1,000 ukuya kwezingama-5,000 zeeodolo zefektri ngqo. Abathengi kufuneka bafune iingxelo ezipheleleyo zovavanyo lwebhetshi yomntu wesithathu ngaphambi kokuba bamkele ukuhanjiswa. Okokugqibela, ukuqinisekisa ubuncinci bewaranti yemveliso yeminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 ngqo kumenzi iqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo yokuqina echaziweyo iya kuxhaswa lukhuseleko lwezemali olusebenzayo kulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza elibaluleke kakhulu leprojekthi.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kunye nesizathu sokuqinisekisa ukuqina: Indlela iiSolar Connectors ezimelana ngayo neemeko ezinzima zendalo
- Iinkcukacha, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye nokuhlolwa komngcipheko okufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele
- Amanyathelo alandelayo asebenzayo kunye nezilumkiso abafundi abanokuzisebenzisa ngoko nangoko
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Kutheni ukuqina kwesixhumi kubaluleke kangaka kwiinkqubo ze-PV?
Isixhumi esonakaliswe yimeko sinokunyusa ukumelana noqhagamshelwano, sidale ubushushu, kwaye sinciphise ukuphuma kweentambo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, izixhumi zeDC ezingalunganga okanye ezonakeleyo zinokubangela umngcipheko wokuqhekeka, ukunyibilika, okanye umlilo.
Zeziphi iimeko zokusingqongileyo ezonakalisa kakhulu izihlanganisi zelanga?
Ezona ngxaki ziphambili kukujikeleza kobushushu, ukuvezwa yi-UV, ukungena komswakama, inkungu yetyuwa, kunye ne-ammonia. Ezi zinto zinokuqhekeka iindawo ezihlala kuzo, zenze buthathaka izitywini, kwaye zidle uqhagamshelwano lwesinyithi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Zeziphi iinkcukacha ekufuneka abathengi bazijonge kuqala?
Beka phambili ukuthobela i-IEC 62852 okanye i-UL 6703, ukutywinwa kwe-IP68, ukumelana okuncinci kokuthintana, i-UV-resistant PPE/PC housing, kunye noluhlu olubanzi lokusebenza olufana ne--40°C ukuya kwi-+90°C.
Ndingayazi njani ukuba isixhobo sokunxibelelanisa sifanelekile kwiindawo ezikufutshane okanye kwezolimo?
Jonga ukuba azinazo na izitywino ezomeleleyo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Kwiindawo ezinzima, khetha izihlanganisi ezine-IP68 protection, i-tin- okanye i-silver-plated copper contacts, kunye ne-salt mist certification efana ne-IEC 61701 Level 6.
Abafaki banokunceda njani izihlanganisi ukuba zihlale ixesha elide?
Sebenzisa kuphela izihlanganisi ezihambelana kakuhle, qinisekisa ukudibana ngokupheleleyo kunye nokutshixa, phepha izitywini ezonakeleyo, kwaye uhlole ukufuma okanye ubushushu obuphezulu ngexesha lokulungiswa. Ukufakelwa okungekho semgangathweni kunokoyisa noyilo olukumgangatho ophezulu.