Akamaro ko gutanga icyemezo cya TUV ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi ikoresha imirasire y'izuba ku masoko mpuzamahanga

Mu mishinga mpuzamahanga y’izuba, ubwiza bw’amakuru akoreshwa n’izuba si ikintu cyoroshye: bigira ingaruka ku mutekano, igihe cy’imikorere y’ikoranabuhanga, kwemerwa kw’ubwishingizi, ndetse no kugera ku isoko. Ibikoresho bihuza imirasire y'izuba Ha abakora, EPC, n'abaguzi ibimenyetso byigenga byerekana ko ibi bice byujuje ibisabwa mu mikorere y'amashanyarazi, kuramba, no kwirinda ibidukikije mu gihe cy'ihindagurika ry'ikirere. Iyi nkuru isobanura impamvu icyemezo cya TUV ari ingenzi ku masoko mpuzamahanga, ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'abahuza badafite icyemezo, n'uburyo icyemezo gishyigikira kubahiriza amategeko, icyizere cy'abashoramari, no kwizerwa mu gihe kirekire mu nyubako z'ibigo by'amashanyarazi, ubucuruzi n'amazu.

Impamvu ibyuma bihuza imirasire y'izuba byemewe na TUV ari ingenzi

Uko ishyirwaho ry’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba (PV) ku isi rigenda rirushaho kwiyongera kugira ngo rigere ku ntego zikomeye z’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa, imiterere n’ubuziranenge bw’amashanyarazi bya buri gice cy’urusobe rw’amashanyarazi birushaho kuba ingenzi. Imiyoboro y'izuba ikora nk'imitsi y'ingenzibyo kohereza ingufu, guhuza neza ibice bitandukanye, imigozi ihuza imigozi, na inverters zo hagati. Bikora buri gihe mu turere duto two hanze—kuva mu butayu bwumye kugeza mu turere duto two ku nkombe—ibi bice bihura n’ubushyuhe bwinshi n’amashanyarazi. Sisitemu za PV zigezweho zikoresha ingufu zisanzwe zikora ku muvuduko wo hejuru kugeza ku 1500V DC, bituma ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyangirika kiba ikibazo gikomeye cy’umutekano n’inkongi aho kuba ikibazo cy’imikorere gusa.

Kugira ngo bagabanye izi ngaruka, inganda zikora ku mirasire y'izuba ku isi zishingiye ku bigo byigenga bipima kandi bitanga ibyemezo kugira ngo byemeze umutekano w'ibice byazo. Icyemezo cya Technischer Überwachungsverein (TUV) ni cyo gipimo cy’agaciro ku rwego rw’isi cya zahabu ku bice bya PV. Kubona umutekano w'ukuri Ibikoresho bihuza imirasire y'izuba byemewe na TUV igenzura ko ibikoresho byo guhuza ibikoresho byanyuze mu buryo buhamye kandi busanzwe. Ibi biha abategura imishinga, abaterankunga, n'abakorerabushake ba EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) ibimenyetso bifatika kandi by'umwihariko bigaragaza ko ibikoresho biramba, umutekano, n'imikorere yabyo mu gihe kirekire.

Inyungu z'umutekano, ubwizerwe, no kubahiriza amategeko

Ibyiza by'ibanze byo gukoresha ibikoresho byemewe byo guhuza bigamije gukumira inkongi z'umuriro, kudahungabana kw'amashanyarazi, no kubahiriza amategeko mu buryo bukomeye. imiyoboro yemewe byakozwe kugira ngo bigumane ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’amashanyarazi buri munsi ya milimetero 0.5 mu gihe cy’imyaka 25 y’umushinga w’izuba. Ubu buryo bwo guhangana n’amashanyarazi buri hasi cyane ni ingenzi kuko ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’amashanyarazi buri hejuru butanga ubushyuhe bwinshi bitewe n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’amashanyarazi—iyi ikaba ari yo mpamvu ikomeye itera amakosa akomeye ya DC arc ndetse n’inkongi z’umuriro zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba. Byongeye kandi, abakora amashanyarazi, uturere, n’abashinzwe ubwishingizi barushaho gutegeka ko habaho kubahiriza amategeko ya TUV nk’ikintu kidasubirwaho kugira ngo umushinga wemezwe kandi wishyurwe inshingano, bigatuma ibice bidafite impamyabushobozi biba umwenda ukomeye mu by’imari.

Abaguzi b'igenzura ry'ibiciro bagomba kugenzura

Amatsinda ashinzwe gutanga amasoko n'abahanga mu by'ubugeni bagomba kureba kure y'ikirango cy'ibanze cya TUV no kugenzura neza urwego rw'icyemezo. Ibikoresho bigomba kuba byemejwe hakurikijwe amahame akomeye y'inganda nka IEC 62852 cyangwa EN 50521, agena ibisabwa by'ingenzi mu mikorere ya DC ikoreshwa mu buryo bukomeye muri sisitemu za PV. Abaguzi bagomba kwemeza ko icyemezo gikubiyemo ubushobozi bw'ingenzi bwo kwihanganira ibidukikije, harimo no kwirinda UV igihe kirekire, kurinda IP67 cyangwa IP68 kwinjira mu mazi n'umukungugu muto, no kwihanganira ubushyuhe mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya -40°C na +85°C. Kugenzura ibi bipimo bireba ko ibikoresho bihuye n'ibikenewe mu bidukikije by'aho bishyirwa.

Ingufu zihuza imirasire y'izuba zidafite icyemezo cya TUV cyangwa izidafite icyemezo cyazo

Isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ibice bya PV ryuzuyemo ubundi buryo buhendutse kandi budahuje n’ubuziranenge busa n’ubw’ibihuza bisanzwe mu nganda ariko budafite imiterere y’ubuhanga, ubuziranenge, n’ubwiza bw’ibikoresho. Nubwo gusimbuza ibihuza bitari ibyemewe bishobora gutanga inyungu nke mu gihe cyo kugura, ingaruka z’igihe kirekire mu by’imari no mu mikorere ni mbi cyane. Izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibikorwa no kubungabunga (O&M), igihe cyo kudakora kwa sisitemu, no gusimbuza ibikoresho byo mu nzu byoroshye birengera kuzigama kw’ibanze. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro rya tekiniki hagati y’uburyo bwemewe n’ubudafite icyemezo ni ingenzi mu gucunga neza ingaruka no kurinda umutungo.

Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi mu igeragezwa no kuramba

Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y’ibi bicuruzwa ni ubukana n’uburyo bikoreshwa mu gupima. Kwemerwa kwa TUV bisaba ibice kugira ngo bishobore kurokoka igeragezwa ryihuse cyane (HALT) kugira ngo bigane ikoreshwa ry’imyaka myinshi mu kurengera ibidukikije. Ibi birimo ibizamini by’ubushyuhe butose bw’amasaha 1000 kuri 85°C n’ubushuhe bwa 85%, ibizamini bikomeye by’ubushyuhe bw’umunyu ku nkombe, n’ibizamini byibuze 200 by’ubushyuhe kuva kuri -40°C kugeza kuri +85°C. Mu buryo bwa tekiniki, imiyoboro yemewe igomba kwihanganira imbaraga nke zo gukurura insinga za Newton 89 hatabayeho kwangirika k’amashanyarazi cyangwa kwa mashini. Mu buryo bunyuranye cyane, ubundi buryo budafite tekiniki bukunze gukoresha pulasitiki idakoreshwa neza n’umuringa wo mu rwego rwo hasi wangirika vuba iyo uhura n’imirasire ya UV ihoraho, akenshi bikananirwa ibizamini byo kubika ibyuma cyangwa bigatakaza imitako idapfa amazi mu mezi 24 kugeza kuri 36 ya mbere uhereye igihe byashyizwe mu murima.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'isuzumabumenyi n'amabwiriza

Gusuzuma ibice mu buryo buboneye bisaba isesengura ry’ibipimo bya tekiniki n’ibipimo by’ibikoresho. Ibice byemewe byemeza ibipimo by’imikorere y’ibanze ibice bitarashyirwaho byemewe bihora binanirwa kuzuza, cyane cyane mu gihe ntarengwa cy’umutwaro. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo igaragaza ibipimo ngenderwaho by’isuzuma bitandukanya ibikoresho byemewe kandi bifite imikorere myiza n’ibindi bidafite imiterere ikwiye:

Uburyo bwo gushaka no kwemeza imiyoboro y'izuba yemewe na TUV

Kumenya umutanga serivisi yizewe w'ibice bya PV bisaba amabwiriza akomeye y’impamyabushobozi z’umucuruzi n’igenzura ryimbitse. Kubera ko ibyemezo by’impimbano, raporo z’ibizamini byahinduwe, n’ikoreshwa ry’ikirango kitari icemewe bikomeje kuba imbogamizi mu ruhererekane rw’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba ku isi, abaguzi bagomba gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zikomeye zo kugenzura mbere yo gutanga amabwiriza yo kugura. Uburyo bwo gushakisha ibicuruzwa bufite gahunda kandi bwanditse cyane burinda ubusugire bw’umushinga muri rusange, bugatuma amategeko yubahirizwa, kandi bugatanga icyizere cy’uko imikorere y’umutungo w’ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba izahoraho mu gihe cyose.

Intambwe zo kwemeza ko ibintu bikurikirana neza n'ibyangombwa by'uruganda

Intambwe ya mbere mu kugenzura byuzuye ni ukumenya neza uburyo ibicuruzwa bikurikiranwa.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Imyanzuro y'ingenzi n'impamvu z'ingenzi ku miyoboro y'izuba yemewe na TUV
• Ibisobanuro, kubahiriza amategeko, n'igenzura ry'ingaruka bikwiye kwemezwa mbere yo kwiyemeza
• Intambwe zikurikiraho zifatika n'ibyo abasomyi bashobora gushyira mu bikorwa ako kanya

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Icyemezo cya TUV kigaragaza iki ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi ikoresha imirasire y'izuba?

Igaragaza ko icyuma gihuza ibikoresho cyanyuze mu isuzuma ryigenga ry’umutekano, kuramba, n’imikorere y’ibikoresho bya PV, bifasha kugabanya ibyago byo gushya, ikibazo cy’umuraba, n’ibyago byo kwangirika vuba.

Ni ibihe bipimo abaguzi bagomba gusuzuma ku miyoboro y'izuba yemewe na TUV?

Genzura ko urwego rw'impamyabushobozi rurimo IEC 62852 cyangwa EN 50521, hamwe n'ingufu z'amashanyarazi, umuriro, n'ikoreshwa rya PV riteganyijwe.

Kuki imiyoboro y'izuba yemewe na TUV ari ingenzi ku masoko mpuzamahanga?

Amasosiyete menshi ya EPC, ubwishingizi, amashami y’ubwishingizi, n’abashinzwe kugenzura ibikoresho bakeneye icyemezo cyemewe n’uruhande rwa gatatu, bityo ibyuma byemewe na TUV byoroshya kwemeza umushinga no gutanga amasoko yambukiranya imipaka.

Ni ibihe bintu bisabwa kugira ngo icyemezo cy’ikigo gihabwe serivisi?

Reba niba hari ubushobozi bwo kwirinda imirasire ya UV, ko IP67 cyangwa IP68 ifunga, ndetse n'ubushyuhe bushobora kwihanganira kuva kuri -40°C kugeza kuri +85°C, cyane cyane mu butayu, ku nkombe z'inyanja, cyangwa ahantu hakonje.

Ni gute ibyuma bitanga serivisi zo guhuza ibikoresho bidafite ibyangombwa byongera ikiguzi cy'umushinga mu gihe kirekire?

Bishobora kugira ubushobozi bwo kudakora neza, gucika intege kw'ibifunga, no kudakora neza, bigatuma habaho igihe cyo kudakora neza, gusimbuza, ikiguzi cya O&M, ndetse n'ibibazo bishobora kubaho mu kubahiriza amategeko.